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President John F. Kennedy delivering his ultimatum to the Russians and announcing the U.S. naval blockade of Cuba.
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Accompanying note: "Senator George A. Smathers was the only politician permitted to attend (far left, background in doorway)."
A failed Bay of Pigs invasion a year and a half earlier made Castro increasingly wary of further US intervention and more open to Soviet suggestions of placing nuclear weapons on Cuba to ensure its security. After the invasion he pursued closer relations with the Soviet Union, partly for protection, which helped pave the way for the Cuban Missile Crisis.
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Chicago Manual of Style
President John F. Kennedy delivering his ultimatum to the Russians and announcing the U.S. naval blockade of Cuba. 1962-10-22. State Archives of Florida, Florida Memory. <https://www.floridamemory.com/items/show/36112>, accessed 22 June 2026.
MLA
President John F. Kennedy delivering his ultimatum to the Russians and announcing the U.S. naval blockade of Cuba. 1962-10-22. State Archives of Florida, Florida Memory. Accessed 22 Jun. 2026.<https://www.floridamemory.com/items/show/36112>
AP Style Photo Citation
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